Allergies

Allergies are a common immune system response that can impact individuals of all ages. Understanding the different types of allergies, their symptoms, and the available treatment options is crucial for effectively managing this prevalent health condition.

Signs and Symptoms of Allergy

Allergic reactions can manifest in a variety of ways, including:

• Sneezing, itching, and watery eyes
• Nasal congestion and runny nose
• Coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing
• Hives, rashes, or eczema
• Digestive issues like nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea anaphylaxis, a severe, whole-body reaction that can be life-threatening.

When to Seek Care for Tonsillitis

It's important to seek medical attention if you experience the following:

• Persistent or worsening allergy symptoms that interfere with your daily life
• Difficulty breathing, tightness in the chest, or wheezing
• Severe swelling, especially in the face, lips, tongue, or throat
• Anaphylactic reactions, which require immediate emergency treatment

Types of Allergies

Allergies can manifest in various forms, each with its own set of triggers and characteristics. The most common types of allergies include:

• Seasonal Allergies: Also known as hay fever or allergic rhinitis, these allergies are typically triggered by pollen from trees, grasses, or weeds, depending on the season.
• Food Allergies: Certain foods, such as peanuts, tree nuts, shellfish, eggs, and dairy products, can trigger an allergic reaction in some individuals.
• Dust Mite Allergies: Dust mites, microscopic creatures found in many household items, can cause symptoms like sneezing, coughing, and nasal congestion.
• Pet Allergies: Proteins found in the skin, saliva, or urine of animals, such as cats and dogs, can trigger allergic reactions in those sensitive to them.
• Latex Allergies: Exposure to latex, a natural rubber product, can lead to skin rashes, hives, and in some cases, a severe, life-threatening reaction called anaphylaxis.

Diagnosis of Allergies

To diagnose allergies, healthcare providers may use a combination of the following methods:

• Medical history and physical examination
• Skin prick tests or blood tests to identify specific allergens
• Oral food challenges to confirm food allergies
• Lung function tests to assess respiratory allergies

Allergy Treatment at Cape Fear Valley Health

Allergy management typically involves a combination of the following approaches:

Avoidance

Identifying and avoiding the specific allergen(s) triggering the reaction.

Medications

Over-the-counter or prescription antihistamines, decongestants, or corticosteroids to alleviate symptoms.

Immunotherapy

Gradual exposure to the allergen through allergy shots or sublingual (under the tongue) drops to build tolerance.

Emergency treatment

Epinephrine auto-injectors for severe, life-threatening allergic reactions.